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This database includes 35 eight-minute ECG recordings of human subjects who experienced episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter, and ventricular fibrillation.
Record cu01 was obtained from a long-term ECG (Holter) recording (played back at real time for digitization); the other records were digitized in real time from high-level (1 V/mV nominal) analog signals from patient monitors. All signals were passed through an active second-order Bessel low-pass filter with a cutoff of 70 Hz, and were digitized at 250 Hz with 12-bit resolution over a 10 V range (10 mV nominal relative to the unamplified signals). Each record contains 127,232 samples (slightly less than 8.5 minutes).
In episodes of cardiac failure, fibrillation is almost always preceded by a run of ventricular tachycardia, which eventually gives way to the fibrillation itself. The onset of fibrillation is extremely difficult to pinpoint in many cases. Any clinically useful detector should respond to the runs of tachycardia preceding fibrillation, since medical intervention is needed at the earliest opportunity. Thus any detector responding to the premonitory tachycardia can exhibit a negative “time to alarm” compared to the onset of fibrillation as recorded in the reference annotation files. For this reason, the database is defined as a tachyarrhythmia database rather than a fibrillation database.
In these records, the minimum number of non-VF beats prior to the onset of a VF episode is 61. The mean time interval from the beginning of the record to the onset of VF is 5:47 (with a standard deviation of 2:01). Five records (cu12, cu15, cu24, cu25, and cu32) were from paced patients (in some cases, pacing artifacts are not visible, and pacing is apparent only from the regularity of the rhythm). Repeated defibrillation attempts are visible in many records.
The recordings were originally collected by Floyd M. Nolle at the Creighton University Cardiac Center. High-quality recordings of these rhythms are extremely rare, and of great importance both for development and evaluation of VF detectors and for basic research on the dynamics of VF. We wish to thank Richard W. Bowser, formerly of the Creighton University Cardiac Center, for preserving these recordings, for making them available for distribution in this format, and for preparing the preceding notes on this database.
The reference annotation files supplied for this database have been included to aid users in locating events of interest. They are in no sense definitive. All beats are labelled normal (although many are ectopic). VF onset annotations mark only the approximate beginnings of VF episodes.
The reference annotation files for records cu01, cu03, and cu12 were updated in January 2006 to include previously missing ventricular fibrillation onset and end annotations (thanks to Janusz Irzyk for reporting these missing). The previous versions of these three files remain available here for comparison (cu01.atr-, cu03.atr-, and cu12.atr-).
Name Last modified Size Description
Parent Directory - cu35.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu35.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 76 header file cu35.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 58 header file cu35.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu35.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 806 reference annotations cu34.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu34.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu34.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu34.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu34.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 534 reference annotations cu33.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu33.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 76 header file cu33.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 58 header file cu33.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu33.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.1K reference annotations cu32.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu32.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu32.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu32.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu32.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.5K reference annotations cu31.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu31.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu31.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu31.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu31.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 604 reference annotations cu30.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu30.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu30.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu30.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu30.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 304 reference annotations cu29.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu29.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu29.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu29.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu29.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.1K reference annotations cu28.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu28.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu28.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu28.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu28.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 778 reference annotations cu27.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu27.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 78 header file cu27.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 60 header file cu27.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu27.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 2.1K reference annotations cu26.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu26.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu26.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu26.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu26.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.6K reference annotations cu25.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu25.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu25.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu25.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu25.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.1K reference annotations cu24.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu24.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu24.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu24.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu24.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.0K reference annotations cu23.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu23.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu23.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu23.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu23.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 906 reference annotations cu22.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu22.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu22.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu22.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu22.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 904 reference annotations cu21.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu21.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 78 header file cu21.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 60 header file cu21.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu21.atr- 1992-07-29 23:38 1.3K previous version of reference annotations (obsolete) cu21.atr 2003-02-24 12:00 1.3K reference annotations cu20.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu20.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu20.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu20.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu20.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 418 reference annotations cu19.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu19.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu19.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu19.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu19.atr- 1992-07-29 23:38 1.4K previous version of reference annotations (obsolete) cu19.atr 2003-02-26 12:36 1.4K reference annotations cu18.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu18.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu18.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu18.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu18.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.4K reference annotations cu17.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu17.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu17.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu17.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu17.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.1K reference annotations cu16.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu16.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 76 header file cu16.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 58 header file cu16.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu16.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.7K reference annotations cu15.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu15.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu15.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu15.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu15.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 570 reference annotations cu14.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu14.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu14.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu14.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu14.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.1K reference annotations cu13.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu13.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu13.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu13.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu13.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.7K reference annotations cu12.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu12.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu12.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu12.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu12.atr- 1992-07-29 23:38 824 previous version of reference annotations (obsolete) cu12.atr 2006-01-31 10:12 834 reference annotations cu11.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu11.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu11.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu11.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu11.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.0K reference annotations cu10.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu10.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu10.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu10.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu10.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.1K reference annotations cu09.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu09.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 76 header file cu09.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 58 header file cu09.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu09.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 1.8K reference annotations cu08.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu08.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 76 header file cu08.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 58 header file cu08.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu08.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 2.5K reference annotations cu07.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu07.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu07.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu07.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu07.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 762 reference annotations cu06.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu06.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 76 header file cu06.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 58 header file cu06.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu06.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 926 reference annotations cu05.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu05.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu05.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu05.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu05.atr- 1992-07-29 23:38 1.4K previous version of reference annotations (obsolete) cu05.atr 2003-02-26 12:26 1.4K reference annotations cu04.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu04.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 75 header file cu04.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 57 header file cu04.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu04.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 530 reference annotations cu03.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu03.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 76 header file cu03.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 58 header file cu03.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu03.atr- 1992-07-29 23:38 1.9K previous version of reference annotations (obsolete) cu03.atr 2006-01-31 10:06 1.9K reference annotations cu02.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu02.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 77 header file cu02.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 59 header file cu02.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu02.atr 1992-07-29 23:38 2.0K reference annotations cu01.xws 1999-12-12 17:00 82 WAVEScript cu01.hea- 1992-07-29 23:38 78 header file cu01.hea 2008-04-05 18:05 60 header file cu01.dat 1992-07-29 23:38 186K digitized signal(s) cu01.atr- 1992-07-29 23:23 416 previous version of reference annotations (obsolete) cu01.atr 2006-01-31 10:03 426 reference annotations SHA256SUMS 2007-09-18 12:37 11K SHA1SUMS 2006-01-31 10:31 7.5K RECORDS 2000-03-29 10:02 175 list of record names MD5SUMS 2006-01-31 10:31 6.3K DOI 2015-09-21 13:00 19 ANNOTATORS 2000-10-13 22:40 44 list of annotators
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